What is cidb license. About the cidb grading system.

Select the grade level and click Next. b. Ranging from hundreds to thousands per course. CIDB bertanggungjawab dalam mengawal selia, membangun dan memudahkan industri pembinaan menuju ke arah mencapai Address : 5th Floor, Mutual Aid Building II 5, Guy Rozemont Square, PORT-LOUIS 11327. CIDB, with working groups consisting of public and private stakeholders, in 2005, have put together a construction industry standard or CIS on the base quality requirement for the industry. CIDB Fees: These fees above are only our facilitation fees. Mr Tee +6012 6280798. Applicants must have at least six (6) months of recent work experience in the trades applied for and must obtain confirmation (stamp & signature) from the latest employer. (U/p : Nor Hayati Binti Abdullah – norhayati. One of the provisions in the amendment is that construction materials must comply with certain mandatory standards. Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan atau lebih dikenali dengan nama Lesen CIDB (Kontraktor) Lesen CIDB atau lebih dikenali sebagai lesen kontraktor adalah slip akuan atau sijil bagi seseorang yang ingin menjalankan dan menyiapkan kerja-kerja pembinaan. Baru – RM50. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a neurological disorder -- a condition that targets your body’s nerves. 125% is imposed on the total value of the construction work that exceeds five hundred thousand ringgit. Jul 8, 2020 · CIDB registration process. The eligibility requirements for the application and accreditation program for a construction site supervisor are as follows: Categories. Construction Project Management is defined as management that involves development, change and innovation in operational works that encompass activities such as overall planning Jika ya, anda perlu tahu bahawa sebelum tamat tempoh, pastikan anda buat pembaharuan lesen untuk terus beroperasi. The contractor may only carry out work in the class of works they are registered in, and up to the maximum value of work permissible in their registered grading level. QLASSIC memboleh kualiti kemahiran kerja antara projek pembinaan dapat dibandingkan secara objektif menerusi satu sistem penskoran. Step 4: Made payment using online banking. It provides a single-sign on facility for contractors to register with four (4) licensing agencies in Malaysia. com Jun 7, 2020 · Foreign Contractor Registration Certificate. If you are a CIDB registered contractor with a valid CIMS user ID and password, you can log into MCP using the same UID and password. Validity of UPKJ licence is 2 years and the renewal process is long and not consistent. CIDB license upgrade. Lesen CIDB atau lebih dikenali sebagai lesen kontraktor adalah slip akuan atau sijil bagi seseorang yang ingin menjalankan dan menyiapkan kerja-kerja pembinaan. Specialization M01. Info Lanjut » Jul 20, 2023 · PENDAFTARAN KONTRAKTOR G1 BUMIPUTERA (4 M/S) PEKELILING TANGGUNGJAWAB KONTRAKTOR CIDB BIL. 9, Jalan Jasmine 1, Bandar Bukit Beruntung, 48300 Rawang, Selangor, Malaysia. CIDB Construction Personnel Card is a card/license issued by CIDB to construction workers who have undergone basic & safety training at the construction site. Please ensure that you complete all sections in their entirety. cidb. Let's Talk. CIDB G7 contractor - SPKK, a valid ISO 9001 certification is a must and eligible to get 40 CCD points and increase the SCORE of the contractor. About the cidb grading system. Oct 19, 2023 · Table of Contents. IBS components are constructed separately beforehand, and they are assembled on-site afterwards. How To Use. Basic documentation required are: Copy of the project award from the client who awarded the project to the contractor. Find Contractors - Able to find legitimate registered Contractors. CIDB. There are 3 kinds of certificates issued by CIDB: Perakuan Pendaftaran Kontraktor or PPK is an authentication gave to registered company according to Act 520 and About the cidb. 81200 Johor Bahru, Johor. In connection with that, this program also encourages contractors and their staff to continue to improve their knowledge Objektif CIDB Malaysia. Skop QLASSIC. Q2 What is the web address (URL) for CIDB License? cidbグリーンカードとは？ マレーシアの建設現場事情についてについてまとめております。 海外建設コンサルタントとしてプロジェクトマネジメント、コンストラクションマネジメントPlus PM Consultant Sdn. These reflect the maximum level at which the contractor The CIDB Construction Personnel Card is a card or license issued exclusively by the CIDB to workers in the construction sector. Years of Experience in related construction field. May 23, 2023 · Compliance with legal requirements: Workers in the construction industry must hold a valid CIDB Card, so having one ensures compliance with legal requirements. A contractor is a person who carries out or completes or undertakes to carry out or complete any construction work. In Act 520, the quality and safety of construction is the main pillar that is gazetted for its enforcement. Level 1 has as an additional administration 3. Mechanical Works And Other Specialist Works. The participating agencies are: 1. CIDB license upgrade 4. Daftar & Renew Lesen CIDB . Tel: 07-238 8152 / Faks: 07-234 5808. Program Latihan Kompetensi Kemahiran Personel Binaan. What is CIDB’s contractor license? A combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event with specified period or in specified circumstances and the severity of injury or damage to the health of people, property, environment or any combination of these caused by the event. CIDB New Registration PPK – Part 1 (Pre-requisites) Video Process Manual. Include the Industrial Experience Certificate Form. Jul 21, 2022 · CIDB Adalah Sebuah Agensi Kerajaan Malaysia Menawarkan Pelbagai Program Untuk Industri Pembinaan Seperti Pendaftaran Personel Kad Hijau dll. Learn more about the cidb register of contractors. Safe System of Work. Conclusion. Certificate of Completion: The Certificate of Completion must be on a letterhead of the client, must be addressed to the contractor who was awarded the contract and must include the tende. Di Malaysia, terdapat 3 jenis sijil kontraktor cidb antaranya ialah Perakuan Pendaftaran Kontraktor (PPK If you would like to know more about CIDB services feel free to call us. Introduction. bantuan@renewcidb. Its online services, focus on IBS, registration and certification processes, and recognition of BIM contribute to enhancing industry standards, productivity, and sustainability. Your One Stop Solution to CIDB Lisenses Gateway. Considering the grades of CIDB schemes according to the established capacity (square meters and volume), a certain tax will need to be paid when applying for the construction license. Go through the declaration, capture the designation of the person making the application and click OK and then Submit. To register as a contractor in South Africa you must select and complete either the Grade 1 or Grade 2 to 9 application form as applicable. We have partnered with CIDB Specialists who can assist with your CIDB Level 2 – 9 Registration. Selaras dengan hasrat tersebut CIDB dengan kerjasama SME-Corporation telah membangunkan satu program bagi mengukur keupayaan dan kemampuan kontraktor iaitu Program Penilaian Keupayaan dan Kemampuan Kontraktor ( SCORE). Minimum Academic Qualification. Redirecting to /document/fortigate/7. PERAKUAN PENDAFTARAN KONTRAKTOR TEMPATAN (PPK)Pendaftaran PPK hanya dibuka kepada syarikat yang diperbadankan di Malaysia serta mempunyai pegangan ekuiti. These training programs cover a wide range of topics, including project management, technical skills, safety regulations, and sustainable construction practices. Construction safety management in Malaysia with CIDB standard – Plus PM Consultant. Air-Conditioning: Installation, Repair & Maintenance. The Contractors Portal is a platform to provide comprehensive access to information and capabilities in enhancing quality and productivity through professionalism, innovation and knowledge to improve the quality of life. May 22, 2023 · CCD Point CIDB Key Areas. It is possible that there may be more changes to come, and it will be interesting to see any further initiatives by CIDB to encourage the growth and progress of the construction industry in Malaysia. First time log in into MCP. Contractor who needs to do or finish any development work must enrolled as CIDB’s contractor. CIDB Malaysia’s roles in enforcing safe and quality construction and at the same time enhance the adoption of best practices in construction, thus raising the quality of construction work as a whole. All applicants for the Skills Competency Assessment Program (PKK) must: 1. Bachelors Degree in related/ non-related construction field. atau Jul 3, 2015 · CIDB license renewal. The Facility Management Manager Accreditation Program (FMM) is implemented in three (3) assessment modes: Mode I (a) – Training & Assessment, Mode I (b) – Assessment only, and. Mode II (RPLE) – which is Recognition Through Level of Education and Experience (Recognition Prior Learning and Experience, RPLE). Pembaharuan – RM30 1 Tahun - RM7002 Tahun – RM14003 Tahun – RM2100. Aug 26, 2020 · Stage One: Test. Manual pengguna bagi permohonan tersebut boleh dimuat turun melalui cims. Accreditation Method. Tempoh pendaftaran baru adalah Jun 25, 2023 · CIDB plays a crucial role in regulating and developing the construction industry in Malaysia. Check Application Status - Able to view real-time application status when they apply to be registered Contractors under CIDB. abmj@gmail. Untuk maklumat lebih lanjut, sila hubungi: CIDB Careline: 03-5567 3300 . The Certified Construction Manager Program (CCM) is implemented in three (3) assessment modes: The Modes and their Assessment processes are as follows: Categories. Confirm the total amount due and click on Make payment. Industrialized Building System or IBS is a term used to refer to various pre-fabricated construction methods. the CIDB Act of 2008. Functions of CIDB Malaysiaunder Act 520. PO Box 2107, Brooklyn Square, 0075 Physical address: 01 Gordon Hood Road, Centurion, Pretoria, South Africa Accreditation Method. One of the key components of CCD is the provision of training programs specifically designed for contractors. Contractor Registration . Mode I (a) Mode I (b) Mode II (RPLE) May 27, 2020 · Contractor Registration with the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (CIDB) Updated: Apr 26, 2023. The CIDB license is required to operate a construction-related business in Malaysia. Discover the role and responsibilities of construction personnel in Malaysia, regulated by CIDB, the Construction Industry Development Board. 00 or an equivalent value in the currency of the Adalah dimaklumkan bahawa permohonan bagi pentauliahan PLB CIDB akan dilaksanakan sepenuhnya secara atas talian di portal CIMS CIDB berkuatkuasa 25 September 2023 (Isnin). Mar 8, 2020 · Licensed Manufacturing Warehouse (LMW) is a warehouse license under the provision of section 65/65A of the Customs Act 1967, Malaysia. May 12, 2023 · 3 min read. Jul 24, 2023 · According to the CIDB website, a contractor’s CIDB grading is considered its “license to trade with government. Local Contractors. Bleady hell and the 2 courses are not cheap. Kontraktor akan didaftarkan mengikut Gred, Kateg. CIDB’s Contractor Report Card (CRC) CIDB being the governing and guiding body for the construction industry, It provides a platform in collaborating with various players related to the field of construction in Malaysia. com) 3. Rumusan. Sep 25, 2023 · Here’s a breakdown of these grades: G1 (Grade 1): This category encompasses construction projects with a budget not exceeding 200,000 units of currency. There are several types of licenses available which are: Composite form license; License to mobile traders; Static hawker license; Roadside stall license; Business advertisement license Mar 14, 2023 · CIDB has in their announcement of the Circulars informed that these changes are part of their restructuring of foreign contractor registrations. QLASSIC merupakan sistem atau kaedah untuk mengukur dan menilai kualiti kemahiran kerja berdasarkan Construction Industry Standard (CIS 7:2014). Applicant companies will need to pay a certain tax when applying for the construction license according to the grades of CIDB variation. G2 (Grade 2): G2 projects have a budget cap of 500,000 units of currency. One of the functions of the section 4 (1) (b) board is to advise and make Oil and Gas Safety Passport (OGSP) System is a series of training programs designed by NIOSH (National Institute of Safety & Health) for specific target groups on specific occupational safety and health matters and for specific industries. Symptoms aren’t the same for everyone, but you Each grade allows a Contractor to undertake construction up to a contract value. Levy Rates. punyai pendaftaran dengan CIDB. III. Oct 1, 2015 · laws of malaysia online version of updated text of reprint act 520 lembaga pembangunan industri pembinaan malaysia act 1994 as at 1 october 2015 What is MCP. ” The Construction Industry Development Regulations of 2004 (as amended) requires that public sector clients may only award construction contracts to contractors registered with the CIDB and listed on the Register of Contractors. 3. Jika belum register, sila daftar CIDB CIMS secara online dahulu. com. It was implemented to offer CIDB expertise in the local construction industry and other matters related to construction. If you are human, leave this field blank. Program For Industry. PERATURAN-PERATURAN LEMBAGA INDUSTRI PEMBINAAN MALAYSIA (PENYAMPAIAN NOTIS Having a CIDB license will confirm that the company is a legitimate contractor in carrying out construction-related work. CIDB New Registration Act 520. The cidb may request additional supporting documentation where necessary. Helping Entrepreneurs, SMEs and SMIs to grow as well as foreign contractors. Contractors may check the amount payable through the Levy Imposition Notification Form, which is CIDB Form L2/96 that will be automatically generated by the CIMS system. 21. PEKELILING CIDB BIL 1/2015 – TINDAKAN TATATERTIB SIJIL PEROLEHAN KERJA KERAJAAN. Mode I (a) Mode I (b) Mode II (RPLE) 1. Specialization M03. 018-9040059 – Kad Personel Binaan 014-3954900 – Lesen Kontraktor. 4. /service order number and the contract amount. CIDB Malaysia. Open to young Malaysian citizens between 17 and 35 years old. 0/new-features. ii. Step 3: Fill in the form to renew CIDB card. Semua pemohon bagi Program Penilaian Kompetensi Kemahiran (PKK) hendaklah : 1. c) Has minimum net capital reserves / paid up capital of RM750,000. Jika sudah lupa langkah-langkahnya, izinkan kami kongsi cara renew lesen CIDB secara online. This card can only be applied by construction personnel who have attended the Find out how to calculate your cidb grading designation and check your eligibility for construction contracts. . CIDB’s contractor license is a declaration slip from CIDB for the contractor. Pemakluman ini ditujukan kepada semua kontraktor asing yang telah dianugerahkan projek / memasuki tender di Malaysia / kontraktor asing yang baharu berhasrat untuk memasuki sebarang tender projek pembinaan di Malaysia terutama kepada kontraktor yang Terms of Application. A grade is represented by one digit and two letters. A levy of 0. 1/2014. It is mandatory for construction workers who wish to access construction sites. Modal berbayar/terkumpul RM250,000. 1. CIDB license new application / registration 2. Development Board, most commonly known as. Companies wishing to register with UPKJ must first be registered with CIDB. The purpose of LMW is to give Customs duty exemption to all raw materials/ components and machinery and equipment used directly in the manufacturing process Feb 1, 2023 · The CIDB license is available for a period of one to three years, but the owners of the document can renew the license upon its expiry. Application Forms. i. MCP is the country’s first one stop registration portal for contractors in the construction industry. fax: 2110380. pted as Track Record for cidb Registration. A Contractor is not allowed to undertake construction works above his grade limit. Head V. Youth Skills Competency Training Program. All contractors in Malaysia must obtain a CIDB license in order to operate legally. See full list on relinconsultants. Nine is the highest. Fungsi CIDB. Pemohon perlulah mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya enam (6) bulan pengalaman kerja terkini dalam tred-tred yang dipohon dan hendaklah mendapat pengesahan (cop & tandatangan) oleh majikan terkini. Each company must have at least one member of management, whether an owner, shareholder, or board member. my . PERATURAN-PERATURAN LEMBAGA INDUSTRI PEMBINAAN MALAYSIA (PENGKOMPAUNAN KESALAHAN) 2015. Step 5: Received temporary pass. Here’s where you can find all necessary cidb application forms and documentation to ensure that your application is successful. Plus PM Consultant, Project Management Consultant, has reliable staffs who are familiar with CIDB for ASEAN Construction project. The Letter of Completion must be s. Feb 18, 2022 · July 17, 2024. Feb 15, 2023 · Dimaklumkan bahawa, pihak CIDB akan melaksanakan penstrukturan ke atas Pendaftaran Kontraktor Asing yang akan bermula pada 1 Februari 2023. ISO 9001 is widely encouraged by the government to implement in the construction sector to avoid any inefficiency that could result in poor quality of products and services being delivered to the customer. Established by Act of Parliament (Act 38 of 2000), the Construction Industry Development Board (cidb) is a schedule 3A public entity, which promotes a regulatory and developmental framework that builds: • Construction industry delivery capability for South Africa’s social and economic growth. Sub-Head 3. Firstly, the applicant must verify the product whether it has passed the product safety test beforehand, and owned a CB report with related Testing Certificate document. on Agreement: ekuiti asing tidak melebihi 51%*Nota : Sebarang. Akademi Binaan Malaysia Wilayah Timur. The system provides appropriate training and assessment to ensure the target group acquires the safety and Stupid CIDB just came out with a new rule that forces all companies to take up minimum 2 courses every year in order to renew the CIDB license. Menyertakan Borang Perakuan Pengalaman Industri. CIDB CARELINE 03-55673300 . The functions of CIDB Malaysia as laid out under the Act are as follows; a) To promote and stimulate the development, The Contractor Management Training Program was developed under the CIDB Contractor Competency Development program initiative and aims to improve the competence and skills of contractors in the Malaysian construction industry. The Register of Contractors has 9 grading levels. 4. Features of the application: • Contractor. The objective is to ensure compliance CCD or Contractor Continuous Development is a program that is designed to ensure contractors registered with CIDB are continually well-informed and knowledgeable. Aug 3, 2020 · Construction Industry Development Board of Malaysia (CIDB) green card is an integrated program that involves the registration and accreditation of Construction Personnel to enhance safety levels at construction work sites. By participating in these programs, contractors Syarat-Syarat Permohonan. If you need a CIDB license, please click the following button and order online. CIDB green card application, renewal and etc. Step 2 : Choose the type of application. empatan tujuh puluh peratus (70%) dan ke atas. Improved safety and health: The training course and exam cover topics related to safety and health in the construction industry, so holding a CIDB Card demonstrates that the holder has a basic understanding of these critical issues. Construction workers must have a valid CIDB Construction Personnel Card before entering the construction site. 2. Step 1: Link to CIDB2u to renew CIDB card. Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (LPIPM) atau lebih dikenali sebagai CIDB Malaysia merupakan satu badan kerajaan yang ditubuhkan di bawah Kementerian Kerja Raya Malaysia. acquired for contractors in order to renew contractor’s registration. a) Attach a copy of the latest company Registration Certificate from the Companies Commission of Malaysia (CCM) b) Attach a tender advertisement or letter of invitation from the client. Act 520 was an act to form the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) in 1994. A payment certificate. The result was the creation of what is called the Quality Assessment System in Construction or QLASSIC (Quality Assessment System for Building Construction The CIDB Construction Personnel Registration Card, popularly known as the “CIDB Green Card” is a card issued by CIDB Malaysia as evidence that the card owner has registered with CIDB Malaysia and is eligible to perform construction works at any construction site. Objektif QLASSIC. Really sign of so desperate. CIDB license renewal 3. Air - Conditioning Systems. However, it should be noted that entrepreneurs need to obtain a license from the local authority to obtain permission to run their business. • Construction Personnel - Able to find legitimate registered Construction Personnel. Contact Us. There are no qualifying criteria for grade 1, however, contractors need to meet financial and track record criteria for grades 2 to 9. gov. must have their scores by grade that follows the CCD requirement as. established under. Any person who has been awarded or has completed any contract for construction work, or has undertaken to carry out, manage or complete any construction work, or has carried out, managed or completed any CIDB LICENSE Facebook-f Twitter Google-plus-g Envelope CIDB LICENSE ADD OR RENEW YOUR LICENSE WITH US NOW WATCH IN LATEST VIDEO What is one CIDB License? For 20 July 1995, it is mandatory for all contractors whether local with foreign to register from the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (LPIPM) or CIDB at Sections 25 of … CIDB LICENSE Read More » New Application/ Class Upgrade/ Addition of Head/Sub-Head. dan syarat-syarat pendaftaran. Varying scale and size of components, from wall-sections to full-scale building floor are constructed separately in a controlled Construction Project Management is a professional discipline that separates the project management function from those of design and implementation functions. CIDB Licenses. This is a basic requirement when applying for any grade between 2 and 9. Bank statements. CIDB bagi mempertingkatkan tahap profesionalisme kontraktor. Jul 24, 2023 · According to the CIDB website, a contractor’s CIDB grading is considered its “license to trade with government. Without CB report: Applicant need to send a product sample to SIRIM for safety test and the test will take about 2 months of periodic time. Lot 60255-1 & Lot 60256, Dataran Alamanda, Jalan Sultan Sulaiman, 20000 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu. We have proven track proven track record in helping our clients in 1. CIDB green card is not only mandatory for workers but it is also mandatory for managers and construction supervisors to The E-Handover system is a platform that verifies the receipt of the card by the personnel/employer which replaces the physical handover of the cards over the CIDB state/branch counters. Understanding CIDB and its related topics is essential for contractors CIDB’s contractor license is a declaration slip from CIDB for the contractor. Syarikat perlu mematuhi kriteri. CIDB, is a statutory body. May 16, 2022 · Enter all ownership details, then click Next. Jun 23, 2020 · This license is renewable and available for a period of a minimum of one year to three years. Head Office. 9 pagi – 5 petang (Isnin – Jumaat) . It is mandatory for all local contractors to be registered with the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia CIDB before undertaking and completing any construction work in Malaysia unless they are granted exemption. The second thing that is emphasized in the amendment of Akta 520 Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (CIDB) is compliance with the building material standards that have been set. Costs guideline for Level 2 – 9 Registration: R4690. PLN (Persero) in this case by PT PLN (Persero) UIPRING SMT II and UPKJ S Reg. email: CIDBMAURITIUS@INT NET. The Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) was established under the Construction Industry Development Act (Act 520) to develop the capacity and capability of the construction industry through enhancement of quality and productivity by placing great emphasis on professionalism, innovation and knowledge in the endeavour to Tidak melebihi RM5,000,000. Sekiranya terdapat pegangan ekuti asing didalam syarikat p. 2 Permohonan Pendaftaran Baru3. Construction Industry Development Board was established under the Construction Industry Development Board Act 1994 (Act 520) to regulate, develop and facilitate the construction industry towards achieving global competitiveness. Permohonan Pendaftaran Baru Pendaftaran baru adalah permohonan yang dibuat oleh syarikat yang belum me. Payment Review. It is mandatory for all contractors whether local or foreign to apply and register with CIDB before performing any work subject to CIDB Act 520. Select the class of works and click Next. I am a valid CIDB’s registered contractor but do not have/ not sure if I have CIMS User ID and/or Password: Retrieve your users’ registration using one of these options: • Check Apakah itu Qlassic. To register as a contractor with CIDB, SPKK and other agencies, a company is required to provide various documents pertaining to the company. What is MCP. Management members who are not owners or shareholders must be EPF contributors. To request a Free CIDB Level 2 – 9 Consultation simply apply on the signup form above. The system is a front-liner that informs employers/personnel on the status of the postal delivery of the card via the information notification tracking number. MU. Minimum kelayakan teknikal – 1 Pemegang Diploma & 1 Pemegang Ijazah dalam bidang yang berkaitan dengan salah seorang darinya mempunyai pengalaman minima 3 tahun. G1 projects are typically smaller in scale and may include tasks like minor renovations or small building projects. CIDB LICENSE Facebook-f Twitter Google-plus-g Envelope CIDB LICENSE REGISTER AND RENEW YOUR LICENSE WITH US NOW WATCH OUR LATEST VIDEO What is a CIDB License? From 20 July 1995, it is mandatory for all contractors whether local or foreign to register with the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (LPIPM) or CIDB under Section 25 of […] A & N MANAGEMENT RESOURCES (CT0097614P) . Kontraktor ini perlulah terlebih dahulu berdaftar mengikut akta pembinaan. Depending on CIDB grade construction companies can do the full project, development, or sub-construction contracts. Application for Contractor Registration Grade 1 (July 2016) Application for Contractor Registration Grade 2-9 (February 2021) 3 YEAR Jul 21, 2022 · CIDB Adalah Sebuah Agensi Kerajaan Malaysia Menawarkan Pelbagai Program Untuk Industri Pembinaan Seperti Pendaftaran Personel Kad Hijau dll. Renew CIDB & Daftar CIDB dengan cepat dan mudah di renewCIDB sekarang. inb4 no shit given CIDB License is located at Seksyen BB10, No. Feel free to contact us now for a FREE Consultation. Thinking all kind of ways to make money now. Open to all local and foreign construction workers who are working or have experience and are between 18 and 55 years old. The Construction Industry. How to Renew CIDB Green Card. ri dan Pengkhususan yang layak. cx nx dk sy yu rl rp ea oc en